Kune nzira gumi dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya dzekudzimisa moto mukurapa kupisa, dzinosanganisira kudzimisa kwechinhu chimwe chete (mvura, mafuta, mhepo); kudzimisa kwepakati nepakati; kudzimisa kwemartensite; nzira yekudzimisa yemartensite iri pasi peMs point; nzira yekudzimisa yebainite isothermal; nzira yekudzimisa yecompound; nzira yekudzimisa yeisothermal isati yatonhora; nzira yekudzimisa yekunonoka; nzira yekudzimisa yekuzvidzimisa; nzira yekudzimisa yespray, nezvimwewo.
1. Kudzima kwechinhu chimwe chete (mvura, mafuta, mhepo)
Kudzima kwepakati nepakati (mvura, mafuta, mhepo): Chishandiso chebasa chakapiswa kusvika pakupisa kwekudzima chinodzimwa muchina wekudzima kuti chitonhorese zvachose. Iyi ndiyo nzira iri nyore yekudzima uye inowanzoshandiswa pakugadzira simbi yekabhoni nesimbi ye alloy ine maumbirwo akareruka. Chishandiso chekudzima chinosarudzwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekutamisa kupisa, kuomarara, saizi, chimiro, nezvimwewo zvechikamu chacho.
2. Kudzima kwepakati nepakati kaviri
Kudzima kwepakati nepakati: Chishandiso chebasa chinopisirwa kusvika pakupisa kwekudzima chinotanga chatonhodzwa kusvika pedyo neMs point muchimiro chekudzima chine simba rakasimba rekutonhodza, uye chobva chaendeswa kune chinotonhodza chinotonhodza zvishoma nezvishoma kuti chitonhodze kusvika pakupisa kwemukamuri kuti chisvike pakupisa kwakasiyana kwekudzima uye chine mwero wakakodzera wekudzima. Nzira iyi inowanzoshandiswa kune zvikamu zvine maumbirwo akaomarara kana zvidimbu zvikuru zvakagadzirwa nesimbi ine kabhoni yakawanda uye simbi ye alloy. Simbi dzezvishandiso zvekabhoni dzinowanzo shandiswawo. Zvinhu zvinotonhodza zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira mafuta emvura, nitrate yemvura, mhepo yemvura, uye mhepo yemafuta. Kazhinji, mvura inoshandiswa senzira yekudzima inotonhodza nekukurumidza, uye mafuta kana mhepo inoshandiswa senzira yekudzima inotonhodza inononoka. Mhepo haiwanzo shandiswa.
3. Kudzima kweMartensite kwakagadzirwa negiredhi
Kudzima kweMartensitic kwakarongwa: simbi inonyungudutswa, yobva yanyikwa mumvura ine mvura (munyu kana alkali bath) ine tembiricha yakakwira zvishoma kana kuti yakaderera zvishoma pane poindi yepamusoro yeMartensite yesimbi, uye inochengetwa kwenguva yakakodzera kusvika pamusoro pemukati nekunze kwezvikamu zvesimbi. Mushure mekunge zvikamu zvasvika patembiricha yepakati, zvinotorwa kuti zvitonhodze mweya, uye austenite inotonhodzwa zvakanyanya inoshandurwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuita martensite panguva yekudzima. Inowanzo shandiswa pazvishandiso zvidiki zvine maumbirwo akaomarara uye zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekuchinja. Nzira iyi inowanzoshandiswawo pakudzima zvishandiso zvesimbi zvinomhanya zvakanyanya uye zvesimbi zvine alloy high-alloy uye molds.
4. Nzira yekudzima Martensite ine giredhi pazasi peMs point
Nzira yekudzima Martensite ine giredhi pazasi peMs point: Kana tembiricha yekugezera yakaderera pane Ms yesimbi yeworkpiece uye yakakwira kupfuura Mf, workpiece inotonhora nekukurumidza mubhavhu, uye mhedzisiro yakafanana neye graded quenching inogona kuwanikwa kana saizi yacho yakakura. Inowanzo shandiswa kune workpieces dzesimbi hombe dzisina kuomarara zvakanyanya.
5. Nzira yekudzima zvinonhuwira zveBainite
Nzira yekudzima simbi yeBainite isothermal: Chishandiso chinodzimwa mubhavhu rine tembiricha yakaderera yebanite yesimbi neisothermal, kuitira kuti shanduko yakaderera yebanite iitike, uye inowanzo chengetwa mubhavhu kwemaminitsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu. Maitiro ekushandisa bainite austempering ane matanho matatu makuru: ① kurapwa kwe austenitizing; ② kurapwa kwekutonhodza mushure mekudzimwa; ③ kurapwa kwe bainite isothermal; inowanzoshandiswa musimbi ye alloy, simbi ine kabhoni yakawanda uye ductile iron castings.
6. Nzira yekudzima zvinhu zvakasanganiswa
Nzira yekudzima zvinhu zvakasanganiswa: tanga wadzima workpiece kusvika pasi peMs kuti uwane martensite ine vhoriyamu fraction ye10% kusvika 30%, wozobva waisa isotherm munzvimbo yakaderera yebainite kuti uwane martensite uye bainite structures dzemaworkpiece makuru. Inowanzoshandiswa maAlloy tool steel workpieces.
7. Nzira yekudzima moto usati watonhodza uye inodzima kupisa kwemuviri
Nzira yekudzima isothermal isati yatonhodzwa: inonziwo kupisa isothermal quenching, zvikamu zvinotanga zvatonhodzwa mubhavhu rine tembiricha yakaderera (inopfuura Ms), uye zvobva zvaendeswa kubhavhu rine tembiricha yakakwirira kuti austenite ishandurwe isothermal. Yakakodzera zvikamu zvesimbi zvisina kuomarara zvakanaka kana maworkpiece makuru anofanira kunyoroveswa.
8. Nzira yekunonoka kutonhora nekudzima
Nzira yekudzima kutonhora inononoka: Zvikamu zvinotanga zvatonhodzwa mumhepo, mumvura inopisa, kana munyu kusvika patembiricha yakakwira zvishoma pane Ar3 kana Ar1, uye zvinozoitwa kudzima kwepakati nepakati. Inowanzo shandiswa kuzvikamu zvine maumbirwo akaomarara uye ukobvu hwakasiyana-siyana muzvikamu zvakasiyana uye zvinoda shanduko diki.
9. Nzira yekudzima uye yekuzvidzora
Nzira yekudzima uye yekuzvidzora: Basa rese rinofanira kugadziriswa rinodziiswa, asi panguva yekudzima, chikamu chinoda kuomeswa chete (kazhinji chikamu chinoshanda) chinonyudzwa mumvura yekudzima uye chinotonhodzwa. Kana ruvara rwemoto rwechikamu chisina kunyudzwa rwanyangarika, chibudise pakarepo mumhepo. Maitiro ekudzima ari pakati nepakati. Nzira yekudzima uye yekuzvidzora inoshandisa kupisa kubva pakati pechinhu chisina kutonhodzwa zvachose kuti iendeswe pamusoro kuti itonhodze pamusoro. Zvishandiso zvinowanzoshandiswa kutsungirira kukanganiswa kwakadai sechizoro, zvibhakera, nyundo, nezvimwewo.
10. Nzira yekudzima spray
Nzira yekupfapfaidza: Nzira yekupfapfaidza mvura pachinhu chebasa. Kuyerera kwemvura kunogona kuva kukuru kana kudiki, zvichienderana nekudzika kwekudzimwa kunodiwa. Nzira yekupfapfaidza haigadzire firimu reutsi pamusoro pechinhu chebasa, nokudaro ichivimbisa kuti chikamu chakasimba kupfuura kudzimwa kwemvura. Inonyanya kushandiswa pakudzima pamusoro penzvimbo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-08-2024
